12-2-2023 – A Word to the Wise – SAUL
Unlike the peaceful rule of Samuel, Saul saw bitter fighting throughout his forty-year rule. Saul, in spite of himself, fulfilled the purpose for which he is chosen. Saul is a warrior king. He looks like a warrior. He surrounds himself with exceptional warriors. Though faced with tenacious enemies he perseveres. As a military commander Saul appears to be above average. He violently ripped from the hands of Israel’s enemies much territory which had been lost.
The first twenty years of Saul’s rule sees much success. This is accounted for by the empowerment of the Holy Spirit. I Samuel 10:6 reveals that Samuel’s anointing of Saul makes him a changed man. This is the key to his success. However, Saul’s pride and jealousy are his undoing. He is rejected by God for his spirit of disobedience. Apparently, in the same moment in time that David is anointed by Samuel and empowered by the Spirit, the Spirit left Saul. (I Samuel 16:13-14)
From this point on Saul is seen as fearful, indecisive and wasteful with the meager resources that he possesses. Instead of focusing on the enemy he chases David all over the country trying to kill him.
The first combat occurs against the Ammonites when King Nahash besieges Jabesh-Gilead. The Ammonites were offspring of Lot. History is filled with cruel, vicious nations, who by force desecrate the living. The Ammonite nation is just such a people. Listen to the words of the prophet Amos concerning this people:
This is what the LORD says:
“For three sins of Ammon,
even for four, I will not turn back {my wrath}.
Because he ripped open the pregnant women of Gilead
in order to extend his borders,
I will set fire to the walls of Rabbah
that will consume her fortresses
amid war cries on the day of battle,
amid violent winds on a stormy day. (Amos 1:13-14)
Note now the threats of Nahash three hundred years prior to Amos;
Nahash the Ammonite went up and besieged Jabesh-Gilead. And all the men of Jabesh said to him, “Make a treaty with us, and we will be subject to you.” But Nahash the Ammonite replied, “I will make a treaty with you only on the condition that I gouge out the right eye of every one of you and so bring disgrace on all Israel.” (1 Samuel 11:1-2)
The elders of Jabesh send messengers to King Saul reporting their plight. Saul calls up the militia. At this time in Israelite history there was no army. Throughout the period of the Judges each time the nation was faced with conflict a general call-up went out. Saul is going to change this method. However the call goes out and 330,000 men respond. Saul sends the messengers back with confirmation that they will be rescued the next day.
The text says that Saul gathered his forces at Bezek. (I Samuel 11:8) Bezek is being used by Saul as a staging area. As soon as they are assembled Saul chooses from the 330,000 probably around 30,000 to make the rescue.
By now the tactical pattern is obvious. Using a forced overnight march of 12 miles Saul is ready to attack in the early morning hours at sunrise. Saul divides his force into three companies and prepares for battle.
The division into three companies brings up an interesting detail. Who commanded the other two companies? It is possible that Jonathan, Saul’s son, commanded one of the companies, and the other was Abner. (I Samuel 14:50)
Jonathan is going to be important later on.
The town of Jabesh-Gilead sits atop a hill. The Ammonites were waiting outside the town for the people to surrender. There is no indication of the Ammonites having advanced weaponry. However, they were fierce fighters and had acquired a reputation as a cruel people.
Tactically, Saul follows the methods prescribed by the Lord in previous engagements. Overnight march, division into three companies attacking from three directions, swift strikes and terrorizing the enemy all exemplify the methods approved of by the Lord. In this first engagement Saul did it all correctly. Even Saul’s attitude towards his critics was excellent.
Following the battle Saul set out to establish a standing army and a reserve element. This basic plan is adhered to even today by Israel. David enlarged the organization and provided training based on his experience. Later Solomon perfected it.
The text indicates that during this early period before disobedience sets in that Saul is successful with his program. Saul trains three thousand men as a standing army which he then divides into two groups. Two thousand are under his direct leadership, and Jonathan leads the other thousand.
It is after the army is set up that Saul makes his first major mistake. According to I Samuel 13, faced with a massive Philistine invasion of thousands of chariot and horsemen, Saul falters.
With only two thousand men to face this invasion Saul and his men lose heart. The army begins to desert in the face of the enemy. Saul intrudes into the office of the priest by offering sacrifices which were to be offered by Samuel. Samuel tells Saul that the consequence for this act is the loss of the kingdom. The situation worsens as the Philistines disarm Israel and remove all craftsmen capable of working with iron weapons. Then the Philistine army divides into three companies and sets out to destroy the Israelites.
This is the setting for one of the most courageous battles in Israel’s history. It is comparable to the three major encounters that Israel won over its enemies in the latter part of the 20th Century. It is known as the battle of Michmash.
Men of courage are found throughout scripture. The Old Testament is filled with men who stir the emotions and challenge the warrior. In Hebrews 11:34 it refers to an ancient incident which one may easily pass over. It says referring to men of faith “became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight.” I can think of no better illustration of this than the battle of Michmash.
Michmash? I have never heard of it. It is the story of an Old Testament warrior and his exploits and helps us understand why David loved this man so much.
Jonathan was an adventurer. A man of honor and filled with courage. His nation was being occupied by the Philistines, a loathsome enemy who had successfully subjugated Israel.
The enemy established a garrison at Michmash which controlled the surrounding mountainous area. Jonathan observed one of their outposts occupied by twenty of the enemy. He reasoned with his armor-bearer that the Lord could overcome whether few or many. So they go behind the garrison outpost and climb up behind the enemy. The text says they climb up the high hill on their hands and knees. Looking at the area where the battle took place all one sees is rocks, boulders and a very steep climb.
Reaching the top Jonathan attacks the unsuspecting enemy and quickly kills 20 of them. Imagine that in close hand-to-hand combat, armed with only a sword, you slay 20 in just the space of a few minutes.
The results are incredible. The enemy army watching from a distance is thrown into a panic. In the resulting chaos the Philistine army, composed of many different mercenaries, start killing each other. King Saul sees the battle ensuing and joins the melee. The enemy is driven from the area, and many are killed in the ensuing rout.
This major battle is started by two brave, courageous, god-fearing men, and it results in a major defeat for the enemy. Two men induced 30,000 of the enemy to flee. There is a lesson for us in this battle. Jonathan is using a form of combat that is very rare, but when practiced with just the proper person the combatants are unconquerable. What is that method?
The key is the word armor-bearer. What is that? Someone who carries your sword or spear? No, not at all. This is a special tactic perfected by Jonathan and his companion. The armor-bearer carried a medium size shield by which he shielded Jonathan and himself from enemy blows. This freed Jonathan to attack with two hands on the sword. It was a very effective form of combat but rare because two had to think as one.
The sword used by Jonathan was probably a sickle sword as indicated by the word ‘smite’ in the text. With this sword he could rip defensive weapons from enemy hands and slay them. Yadin gives us further insight into the swords of the time.
The sword has always been the principal weapon for hand-to-hand combat. There were two main types of sword, each serving a specific function: the sword for stabbing and the sword for striking. Both consisted of two main parts, a handle or hilt and a metal blade. The stabbing sword had a long straight blade tapering toward the point. To give it strength, the blade was thickest along its center and tapered toward the edges. This straight sword, sharp at the edges and at the point, served equally to cut as to stab.
The striking sword, on the other hand, had only one sharp edge, and the thickest part of the blade was not along the center but along the opposite or blunt edge. This type of sword could also be curved, the sharp edge being the convex or outer edge. Sometimes the curve was slight, sometimes so considerable as to give the appearance of a sickle. It is, indeed, often referred to as the sickle sword. But this may be misleading, for in a sickle the inner or concave edge is sharp, whereas in the sword it was the outer edge. (The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands, Yadin, Vol. 1, pg. 11)
Jonathan’s sickle sword and the part his armor-bearer plays have significance for hand-to-hand combat and a correlation and significance to spiritual warfare.
It is certain that courage in the face of the great enemy is the key to winning intense spiritual battles. A courage rooted in the fear of the Lord ensures that one will not run and hide, nor cave in when the enemy comes in like a flood. When the dark night of the soul sets in, when others quake in fear, when surrounded with the night terrors or overwhelmed with the most intense pain, when calamity is to be found at every turn, when the storms of life drown us in sorrow beyond measure, even then one cannot be induced to curse their God.
Buried in the midst of overwhelming difficulties complacency does not set in, rather the paths of justice are guarded with even greater zeal. This is the heritage of the God-trained warrior. One, who in the words of John, “does not cling to life even in the face of death.”
The key to success in spiritual warfare is who the person is along side. This is not necessarily a friend, but must be able to function in unison with you. It is not a person who agrees with you, rather one who balances and protects.
The first battle that occurred after the anointing of David and the loss of the Spirit on Saul’s part is the encounter with Goliath. Saul, with all the equipment of a warrior, is afraid to face Goliath. David, however, with none of the tools of a warrior, faces the enemy fearlessly and destroys him.
Perhaps one of the paradoxes of scripture is that the New Testament’s greatest warrior was of the tribe and lineage of Saul. Paul was even named after this king. Saul serves the warrior caste as an example of a potential failure who serves himself more than the Maker, yet who in spite of himself prepares the kingdom for the golden era ushered in by King David. One is left to wonder the Lord’s original intent in choosing Saul.
We know the people’s purpose. Their purpose in choosing Saul as king is summed up in their request, “so we will be like all the other nations, with a king to lead us and to go out before us and fight our battles.” (I Samuel 8:18)
Is not that like the desire of our hearts? We want someone to fight our battles for us.
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